Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025

The Dialectics of Politics and Religion Through the Thoughts of Azad and Ambedkar Living with the Sea: Coastal Communities and Sustainable Development Practices in India

Author/s : Sushil Goswami, Assistant Professor of Law, Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat

Abstract : India’s extensive coastline of 11,098.81 km spanning in nine coastal states and four Union Territories, supporting over 250 million people along the coastline refereed as coastal community. Coastal communities are integral to India’s socio-economic fabric, drawing livelihoods from artisanal fisheries, agriculture, aquaculture, economic growth, GDP and eco-tourism. However, challenges such as climate change, overfishing, habitat degradation, and industrialization threaten ecological balance and traditional livelihoods pose serious threat to their existence and livelihood. Small-scale fishers are increasingly marginalized amid rapid port and industrial development along the side of natural calamities. Despite their contribution to food security and rural employment, coastal communities face heightened vulnerability. Balancing economic aspirations with environmental and social equity has made sustainable development imperative for the overall development of nation. India’s legal frameworks and international commitments increasingly reflect this sustainable approach, highlighting the interdependence of ecological integrity, inclusive growth, and social justice in addressing coastal governance challenges. This paper aimed to analyse the various facet of sustainable development for coastal community.

Keywords: Coastal communities, Sustainable development, Sustainable practices, Climate change, Marine livelihoods

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 01-08

An Analytical Study of Key Challenges Hindering Tourism Development in Janjehli Valley, Himachal Pradesh: A Weighted Score Index Approach

Author/s : Virender, Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill, Shimla-05

Dr. Hem Raj Rana, Associate Professor, Vallabh Government College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh

Abstract : Tourism is widely acknowledged as a powerful catalyst for regional development, especially in rural and ecologically significant areas. Janjehli Valley, situated in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, is endowed with pristine landscapes, biodiversity, and cultural richness, making it a site of high tourism potential. However, tourism in the region remains underdeveloped due to various structural and strategic challenges. This research undertakes a systematic assessment of the underlying constraints using the Weighted Score Index (WSI) a robust statistical tool designed to evaluate stakeholder perceptions quantitatively. The study is based on primary data collected from 200 respondents, including local residents, tourism service providers, and administrative officials. Participants evaluated a series of factors believed to hinder tourism development. Each factor was scored based on the degree of agreement, and weighted scores were calculated to rank the severity of each issue. Key impediments identified include insufficient publicity, inadequate transportation infrastructure, lack of digital services, and poor coordination between public and private stakeholders. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, planners, and tourism developers aiming to design evidence-based interventions. Recommendations include improving promotional strategies, enhancing infrastructure and digital services, and fostering local capacity building to support sustainable and inclusive tourism growth in the region. This paper contributes to the growing literature on regional tourism diagnostics and offers a model that can be replicated in similar underdeveloped mountain tourism destinations.

Keywords: Janjehli Valley, Tourism Development, Weighted Score Index, Challenges, Infrastructure, Policy

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 09-14

The Fractured Domestic Sphere: A Sociological Analysis of Broken Families through the Lens of "Udaan"

Author/s : Paul Alexander Thomas, Temporary Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

Asmita Bharadwaj, PhD in Political Science, Centre for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University

Abstract : The study adopts Vikramaditya Motwane's Udaan (2010) as a framework to examine the sociological elements of broken families. This study uses the narrative as an ethnographic case study to examine how patriarchal systems, intergenerational trauma, adolescence identity building, and family dysfunction intertwine. This study advances an argument that "Udaan" offers a complex perspective of family collapses that is comparable to the socio-economic problems facing modern Indian culture by drawing on cultural studies of family, masculinity, and sociological studies. The broken family structure in society is maintained by the protagonist's desire for autonomy, the strained sibling ties, and the father's emotional absence. The study is intended to expand theoretical understanding of how cinematic depictions can be useful instruments for sociological research into dysfunction and family dynamics.

Keywords: Broken Families, Patriarchy, Generational Trauma, Adolescence, Masculinity Studies, Family Sociology

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 21, January-March 2025, pp. 14-22

Voices of Separation: A Qualitative Study of Overall Mental Well-Being of Women Prisoners Affected by Child Separation in Yerawada Central Jail, Pune, India

Author/s : Akanksha Umesh More, M.Sc. Forensic Psychology, School of Behavioural Forensics, NFSU, Gandhinagar,

Challa Venkata Surya Sai Srivalli Sahithi ,M.Sc. Forensic Psychology, School of Behavioural Forensics, NFSU, Gandhinagar

Dr. Amrutha Karayil, Program Coordinator, School of Behavioural Forensics, NFSU, Gandhinagar

Abstract : This qualitative investigation explores the psychological impact of child separation on incarcerated women in Yerawada Central Jail, Pune, India. The ten purposively selected women from the jail and children living outside the prison were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The study focuses on thereby analyzing the emotional well-being and coping strategies of women. Thematic analysis depicts themes including emotional pain manifested as anxiety, guilt, insomnia, helplessness, fear of emotional detachment, institutional barriers and the primary concern of mothers for their children. Despite these, the resilience of incarcerated mothers could nevertheless be evidenced through hope, strength, and even peer support. The results reveal the multifaceted psychological toll of maternal incarceration and highlight the complex interplay between institutional conditions and maternal identity. The study attempts to widen the limited literature existing in the context of the Indian prison on maternal separation and provides insights for working on policy interventions that will improve prison mental health services and programs focusing on mother-child bonding. This research centers the voice of these women, casts light on a largely invisible population and thus calls for a more humane and trauma-informed approach to maternal incarceration.

Keywords: incarcerated women, child separation, Yerawada Central Jail, emotional well- being, thematic analysis

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 15-20

Examining the Role of Formative Assessments for Enhancing Student Learning Outcomes among B.Ed. Students

Author/s : Niharika Das, Research Scholar, Department of Education, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam

Himashree Dutta, Research Scholar, Department of Education Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam

Abstract : Formative assessments play a pivotal role in enhancing the educational landscape by providing educators with a valuable tool to gauge student progress and tailor instruction accordingly. This research paper delves into the significance of formative assessments in the context of examining its influence on improving the academic performance of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) students. Thus, this paper sets out to unravel the role of formative assessment practices on student engagement and motivation, assessment practices, student-teacher interaction and study experiences among the B.Ed. students. A quantitative research design was adopted for the present study. A “formative assessment scale” was developed for collecting data from the 4th semester B.Ed. students of Tezpur University of the academic year 2023-25. The results revealed that formative assessments improved the academic performance of the B.Ed. students. Additionally, formative assessments helped them in developing learning motivation and engagement, facilitated a positive and effective student-teacher interaction, and developed effective study strategies and skills.

Keywords: Formative assessment, B.Ed. students, learning outcomes

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 21-27

From AAP to BJP: A Transformational Shift in Delhi's Political Landscape

Author/s : Sudhanshu Kumar, Doctoral Researcher, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Abstract : Seeing the current nature of warfare, if AI is the new battlefield, data centers are the modern armories where data-driven weapons are forged. This article examines the emerging role of data centers as critical infrastructure for modern military operations, drawing parallels between these facilities and traditional military bases. With the help of a comparative analysis of five major powers—the United States, China, Russia, the UK, and India—the article discusses how these nations are utilising data centers to enhance their defense capabilities in the era of artificial intelligence and network-centric warfare.

The findings suggest that there exists a direct correlation between a country's data center capabilities and its geopolitical influence. In this endevour of AI supremacy, the United States currently emerges as the leader, because of its vast network of data centers that support its global military dominance. In contrast, China is also rapidly closing the gap through its "intelligentized warfare" strategy and military-civil fusion approach in the modern battlefield of AI. Additionally, the UK as a primary NATO ally emphasizes ethical AI development, while Russia on the other hand exploits asymmetric capabilities despite technological constraints being imposed due to sanctions. Finally, India as a major contender in Indo-Pacific for China, is currently lagging in this capability and shows significant potential for growth but faces substantial challenges in infrastructure and skill development.

This study tries to give valuable insights into the emerging landscape of military technology along with offering policy recommendations for enhancing data center capabilities, particularly for emerging powers like India where capabilities are still very nascent. The findings underscore the critical need for India to invest in advanced data center infrastructure to maintain strategic advantages in an increasingly digital battlespace.

Keywords: Data Centres, AI, Network-Centric Warfare, Modern Armories, Intelligentized Warfare, Civil-Military Fusion.

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 34-43

Literary and Cinematic Translation of Hannah Arendt’s Concepts

Author/s : Dr. Animesh Shukla, Assistant Professor Kumaraguru College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

Abstract : The translation of Arendt’s concepts would be done, by identifying those moments in the selected texts or images, which could be identified as sharing a similarity with Arendt’s concepts, howsoever, the reason behind this exercise, is not to explain Arendt’s concepts through narratives, but rather to emphasize that only in this way, the concepts of political philosophy could remain political. A concept, with self-sufficiency, which resists translation in other art-forms, would lack speech and politics, its articulation would continue to be instanteous, whereas translated concepts, which have been associated with different narratives, acquires a new longevity, now their articulation, would not be exhausted in instants, rather it would express itself in a time, which is that of storytelling. This paper highlights literary and cinematic translation of Hannah Arendt.

Keywords: Literary, Cinematic, Hannah Arendt, Translation

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 44-52

From Data to Recovery: Credit Information Companies and NPA Frameworks in India and Beyond

Author/s : Garima Goswami, Assistant Professor of Law, Gujarat National Law University

Abstract : The banking industry in India has faced recurrent challenges with Non-Performing Assets throughout the past two decades, undermining financial stability and lending discipline. In response to the rising credit risk and deteriorating asset quality, Credit Information Companies have emerged as key institutional mechanisms for enhancing credit discipline and transparency. Credit Information Companies operate under the regulatory framework of the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005. Their role is to collect and disseminate credit information to financial institutions, enabling informed lending decisions.

This academic paper explores the legal framework surrounding Credit Information Companies in India, particularly their role in curbing NPAs. It traces the historical evolution of Credit Information Companies elaborates on the statutory and regulatory architecture provided by the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005 and allied laws such as the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023. Further, the paper analyses key jurisprudence relating to borrower rights, explores comparative models in jurisdictions like the US, UK, Brazil, South Korea, and Singapore, and offers reform proposals to strengthen India's credit information infrastructure. This combined legal, regulatory, and comparative approach seeks to illustrate that strong Credit Information Companies governance is crucial for mitigating systemic risk, enhancing financial inclusion, and guaranteeing due process and transparency within India’s credit ecosystem.

Keywords: Credit Information Companies, NPAs, CICRA 2005, RBI, borrower rights, comparative analysis, financial inclusion

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 53-60

Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of NITI Aayog Advancing Agenda for Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development

Author/s : Radhika Das, PhD. Research Scholar, Department of Politics & International Studies, Pondicherry University, Puducherry-605014

Abstract : This paper examines India's institutional framework for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on the role of NITI Aayog, the government's central policy think tank. Since adopting the SDGs in 2015, India has pursued an integrated, multi-stakeholder strategy to localize global development objectives. Through mechanisms such as the SDG India Index, India SDG Dashboard, and targeted campaigns like LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) and Shoonya, NITI Aayog has facilitated subnational engagement, performance tracking, and behavioral change. The paper analyzes how NITI Aayog’s efforts in promoting cooperative federalism have aligned national and state-level policies and supported evidence-based governance. It also assesses progress in thematic areas such as gender equity, energy access, and environmental sustainability. It highlights the potential and limitations of adaptive governance for implementing SDGs in a diverse democracy.

Keywords: SDGs, NITI Aayog, Inclusive Growth, Think Tank policy, Governance

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 61-69

The Persistence of Memory: Ancestral Voices and a Community’s Past in Alyen Leeachum Foning’s Art

Author/s : Pratiksha Pradhan, Research Scholar, Department of Languages and Literature – English, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning &

Dr. Vijayalekshmi Ramachandran, Assistant Professor, Department of Languages and Literature – English, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning

Abstract : “Adieu, adieu, adieu. Remember me.” This was the spectral voice of a father who was persistent in his desire to be remembered. Ancestral voices do have the force of persistence that makes the progeny revisit their origins and ‘connect’ through the ritual of remembrance. Memory permeates and unhinges our present. Memories are amorphous; they melt and spill over. Nevertheless, art frames them in the spatio-temporal coordinates of its medium. Memories cannot jut out of the frame of the artist: they are indeed ‘framed’. However, as this paper demonstrates, in the artwork of Alyen Leeachum Foning, an artist, designer, poet, and storyteller from Kalimpong, memory takes on dimensions larger than a single life. Foning uses her materials and works to connect herself and the consumers of her art to the complex stories that the Lepcha community might want to retrieve from a “mobile, unsettled and emergent” state of memory. Implicit collective memories of her communitarian self-weave back and forth in her work and extend out of the frame and into the space, as if to make the viewers “re-member” their single, small, isolated modern self with other selves and identities.

Keywords: Implicit Collective Memories, Ancestral Memories, Memory Ecologies, Cultural Memory, Alyen Leeachum Foning

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 70-76

Policy, Practice, and Sustainability Aspects of Kerala’s Palliative Care Model: A Review

Author/s : Hasna K I,Assistant Professor, School of Behavioural Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala

Abstract : Kerala, an Indian state, has gained worldwide attention for its unique community-based palliative care model. This model promotes universal access in a setting with limited resources. This review paper looks closely at the policy frameworks, practices, and sustainability factors that support Kerala's respected palliative care system. It combines findings from various studies, showing how strong government policies, active community involvement, high levels of volunteer support, and a coordinated care approach have led to nearly universal access to quality palliative care. The paper also explores the multiple factors that contribute to the model's impressive sustainability. These include its comprehensive care services, creative resource gathering methods, and a supportive political climate. By examining these aspects, this review provides useful insights and possible lessons for creating and replicating effective palliative care services in similar low- and middle-income countries around the world.

Keywords: Palliative Care, Kerala Model, Policy Framework, Sustainability, Community-Based Care

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 77-83

Progress of Financial Inclusion and its contribution to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 1

Author/s : Kumari Rakhi Singh, Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Vinoda Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand

Dr. Md. Mokhtar Alam, Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Vinoda Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand

Abstract : Financial inclusion, having a direct bearing on Sustainable Development Goals 1, eliminates poverty and contributes to inclusive growth. The following research paper discusses India's progress towards financial inclusion and its effectiveness in helping it overcome poverty through the provision of financial services. The data related to the secondary sources is retrieved using secondary sources, namely, The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana's annual report, the World Bank database, the SDG Index report, and the NABARD report. The article cites the remarkable impacts of the Grand government scheme, the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) and the, Aadhaar Enabled Payment System in rural regions, which have enabled the common person to have access to the financial institution most especially the individuals who had been denied this access. The report identifies that there is a high level of increased uptake of financial banking services, ownership of accounts, and digital literacy and this is important in knowing about savings, availability of credit and financial capabilities. Despite all the advancements, there are still some barriers to the enhancement of financial literacy, expansion of account penetration, gender and regional disparity, accessibility to financial inclusion and banking services, and the use and confidence in technology. The study highlights the importance of congruent government intervention to render the financial system friendlier, less exclusive and accessible to all parts of society.

Keywords:financial inclusion, sustainable development goal, poverty alleviation, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 84-91

The Rohingya Problem: Significance and Aftereffects for South Asia

Author/s : Sheshmanee Sahu, Research Scholar, Centre for Political Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi

Abstract : The Rohingya Crisis, which began intensifying in late August 2017 as part of a long-standing ethnic cleansing policy in Myanmar, undoubtedly impacts the Southeast Asian region. However, viewing this significant Burmese domestic issue as confined solely to South-East Asia would be an oversimplification. Myanmar, both geographically and historically, also has ties to South Asia. Therefore, the plight of the Rohingya Muslim minority also holds substantial political significance for the South Asian subcontinent.

This paper will specifically examine the crisis's impact on India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, as these nations are more directly connected to the affected region of South-East Asia. We aim to explore how significant the Rohingya Crisis is for these South Asian countries and assess how much it affects the broader South Asian region.

Keywords: Rohingya, South Asia, South East Asia, Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), Bamar, Non-state Actors, Indigenous

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 92-97

Exploring the Perception(s) of Vidarbha through the Lens of Literary Sources

Author/s : Dr. Poulami Ray, Faculty of History and Global Perspectives, 10x International School, Mysuru

Abstract : Geographically, Vidarbha is defined as a territory encompassing the eastern part of present-day Maharashtra, comprising eleven districts. In this article, we explore the various ways in which Vidarbha has been conceptualised in the minds of those who are not from the land itself. Perceptions are part of historical experiences. Therefore, it is through the lens of literary sources from different historical periods that we are attempting to trace the trajectories it experienced in emerging as a distinct cultural zone within the Deccan. The geographical settings of these texts were primarily located in the Brahmanical heartland; therefore, the views reflected in these texts about the land and its people also reveal a new dimension in the study of its emergence as a unique cultural zone in the Deccan. From the Mahābhārata down to the works of Rājaśekhara, we find that the portrayal was never unvarying. In specific texts, it appeared as a powerful kingdom.

In contrast, the Purāṇic records reveal that the inhabitants of this land were renowned for their sophisticated cultural traits. The story woven around its nomenclature also provides insight into the processes it underwent to evolve into a cultural zone. In later texts, especially in the works of Rājaśekhara, it was closely associated with a literary style called Vaidarbhī, thus adding a new cultural trait to this land. Various views regarding this part of the Deccan were primarily based on imagination, and the role of these imaginative constructs in tracing the history of a region's development is explored in this context..

Keywords: Vidarbha, cultural, literary texts, region

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 98-104

Assessing the Impact of Digital tools on the Empowerment of ASHA's in Maternal Health Care

Author/s : Ms. Monica. N. Laloo, Research Scholar, Department of Sociology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya

Dr. Nazia Parveen, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya

Abstract : This study explores how digital tools can help Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) improve their work in providing maternal healthcare services. ASHAs are vital in connecting healthcare systems and communities, but often face challenges due to traditional methods and limited access to technology. Digital tools empower ASHAs, especially women in a gendered workforce, by providing access to real-time health data, improving communication with healthcare teams, and streamlining reporting. This allows ASHAs to work more effectively and confidently, optimising workflows and enhancing their community standing as knowledgeable health advocates. Furthermore, digital tools help alleviate some gender-specific challenges faced by ASHAs.

Keywords: Digital Tools, Empowerment, ASHA, Maternal Health Care

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 105-112

Food Accessibility and Affordability Challenges for Low-Income Households in Sagar City

Author/s : Suresh Kumar Kori, Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, B.T. Institute of Excellence, Makronia, Sagar

Abstract :Food is required to keep the body working. Food reaches inside the body and gives strength to the body after digestion and controls physical work along with physical and mental intelligence and development. The consumption level of food items has been classified in various forms in the survey reserved Sagar Nagar. Such as grains, dala, vegetables, fruits, milk, jaggery, sugar, moss, fish etc. The level of food availability to know the socio -economic level of the people of the region is served as the main indicator. Food consumption in the survey reserved Sagar Nagar depends on social level and income of individuals. Because the food crops produced in an area are consumed by individuals of an area. Every person needs food to survive. Sagar Nagar has studied the availability of food items in high income group, middle income group, lower income groups. Food has an important role in the balance of the body, because we get heat from food. The need for food for the fulfillment of nutrients depends on the age, gender, physical activity and its texture to the human being and according to it the decreasing increases. Food availability does not only mean availability of food items. But the economic condition of the region is a balanced and adequate food availability for high-middle- and lower-class persons.

Keywords: Sagar city, food items, Economic status, socio -economic level

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 113-119

Financial Management: Need-Based Literacy for Bhutanese Students

Author/s : Karma Wangchuk, Former Lecturer at Norbuling Rigter College Paro, Bhutan

Abstract : Bhutan, renowned for its Gross National Happiness philosophy, faces significant challenges in financial literacy, particularly among its youth and students. Despite government initiatives like the National Financial Literacy Strategy (NFLS) and the inclusion of financial education in school curricula, Bhutanese students exhibit low financial literacy, poor money management habits, and a heavy reliance on informal learning sources. Key gaps include lack of practical skills in budgeting, saving, debt management, and understanding financial products. As Bhutan digitalizes and grapples with youth unemployment, students must also learn about entrepreneurship, digital financial services, and long-term financial planning. This abstract advocates for a need-based, contextually relevant financial literacy program featuring practical modules (e.g., personal budgeting, banking, responsible borrowing, investing, and digital financial skills), experiential learning (games, case studies, field visits), parental and community engagement, and regular assessment. By aligning education strategies to Bhutan’s unique socioeconomic realities and fostering stakeholder collaboration, the program aims to empower students with sustainable financial management skills for personal and national prosperity.

Keywords: Bhutan, Saving, Financial literacy, budgeting

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 120-122

Motivation on the Frontliners: Analyzing Psychological Capital Based on the Work Roles of Officials

Author/s : Dr. Amrita Bedi, Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Psychology and Social Sciences, Amity University, Noida ,

Dr. Simran Bedi, Clinical Psychologist, NHS Foundation Trust, UK

Abstract : This study examines the correlation between occupational motivation and psychological capital (PsyCap) among Indian paramilitary troops, specifically targeting non-gazetted and gazetted officials. The study examines the impact of Self-Determination Theory, Goal-Setting Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources Model on motivation in high-stress circumstances. The cross-sectional, quantitative study surveyed officers from several paramilitary forces, employing validated instruments like the Work Motivation Questionnaire (WMQ) and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). The data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics, encompassing correlation, regression analysis, and t-tests, utilising SPSS 27. The findings indicated substantial positive relationships between the components of Psychological Capital (hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism) and job motivation, with self-efficacy identified as the most robust predictor. Furthermore, gazetted police demonstrated elevated overall motivation levels compared to non-gazetted officers. The study emphasizes improving PsyCap via customized leadership and organizational tactics to promote employee motivation and efficacy. The implications for training programs, leadership development, and organizational culture are examined to guide policy and practice within the paramilitary sector.

Keywords: Psychological Capital, Work Motivation, Paramilitary Forces, Self-Efficacy, Leadership Development

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 123-136

Dark Triad Traits, Sibling Rivalry and Sibling Conflict in Dyadic Sibling Relationships: A Correlational Study

Author/s : Paavni Khurana, B.A (H) Psychology, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Bahadurgarh, NCR Haryana

Rupali Rawat, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Bahadurgarh, NCR Haryana

Abstract : The present study investigates the correlation between Dark Triad personality traits—Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy—and sibling rivalry and conflict within dyadic sibling relationships among Indian young adults. Sibling relationships, often the most enduring in a person’s life, can be marked by rivalry and conflict, particularly during young adulthood when identity and autonomy are being shaped. While previous research has examined sibling dynamics through the lens of parenting styles and family structure, few studies have explored the impact of socially aversive traits within the Indian cultural context. Using a correlational design, data were collected from Indian young adults aged 18–25 years, each reporting on their relationship with one sibling. Standardized self-report questionnaires were administered to assess levels of Dark Triad traits, sibling rivalry, and sibling conflict. Findings revealed a significant positive correlation between narcissism and sibling rivalry (r = .239, p = 0.01), suggesting that narcissistic individuals may exhibit competitive tendencies within sibling relationships. Machiavellianism also showed weak positive correlations with both sibling rivalry (r = .190) and conflict (r = .114), implying a mild association with disruptive sibling dynamics. Psychopathy did not show any notable influence on sibling rivalry or conflict. This study contributes to the growing literature on personality and family dynamics by offering culturally grounded insights into how darker personality traits shape sibling relationships in Indian households. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.

Keywords: Dark Triad Traits, Dyadic Siblings, Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 137-148

Feminism: Global Development, Philosophical Foundations, and Indian Perspectives

Author/s : Pritismita Patgiri, Research Scholar, Department of Philosophy, Assam Don Bosco University, Tapesia Gardens, Kamarkuchi, Sonapur, Assam

Abstract : Feminism is a movement and ideology that has evolved significantly over centuries, transforming from a struggle for basic legal rights to a broad discourse encompassing gender identity, social roles, and intersectionality. This paper explores the theoretical foundation, historical evolution, and contextual application of feminism, with a particular focus on the Indian socio-cultural landscape. The study also categorizes different types of feminism and analyses the impact of each wave of the movement, while highlighting unique Indian contributions and challenges. It examines the philosophical underpinnings of feminism, drawing from liberal, existentialist, radical, and Marxist traditions, and emphasizing the relevance of feminist thought in addressing persistent gender inequalities across global and local domains through multidimensional lenses. Special attention is given to how feminism intersects with caste, religion, and colonial histories in India, shaping the lived experiences of Indian women from multiple backgrounds and regional diversities. It also discusses how feminist discourse has expanded beyond academia into activism, policy-making, literature, and digital platforms. Furthermore, this paper highlights the roles of key thinkers, reformers, legal frameworks, and social movements in advancing gender justice both globally and within the Indian context. The study highlights the need for continued engagement with feminist ideals in the contemporary world.

Keywords: Feminism, Waves of Feminism, Patriarchy, Gender, Existentialism, Feminist Philosophy, Intersectionality

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 149-157

The Impact of Government Schemes on Rural Women Entrepreneurship in Haryana: A Critical Policy Review

Author/s : Abdul Quadir, PhD Research Scholar (SRF), Department of Social Work, Jamia Millia Islamia

Dr. Sanjay Onkar Ingole, Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, Jamia Millia Islamia

Abstract : Rural women's entrepreneurship is a critical engine for inclusive growth, yet the Indian state of Haryana presents a paradoxical context where high economic output coexists with entrenched patriarchal structures that impede women's economic participation. Despite a multi-tiered government policy framework designed to foster entrepreneurship, this challenge persists. This paper provides a comprehensive analytical review of this policy landscape, synthesizing an extensive body of secondary sources. The research systematically investigates key schemes for financial inclusion (Mudra Yojana), skill development (DDU-GKY), and livelihood support (DAY-NRLM). The methodology employs a systematic literature search with defined inclusion criteria, followed by a thematic analysis to synthesize the findings.

The results reveal a significant dissonance between policy design and on-ground implementation. While the DAY-NRLM successfully fosters social mobilization and micro-credit through Self-Help Groups, it struggles to transition these collectives beyond subsistence activities, creating a "livelihood plateau." Concurrently, financial schemes often provide loans too small for meaningful business growth, and skill development programs are frequently misaligned with local market needs and entrepreneurial aspirations.

Cross-cutting issues emerge, including inadequate market linkages, a digital divide, and restrictive socio-cultural norms that undermine all interventions. The study concludes that a paradigm shift from a siloed, scheme-based approach to an integrated ecosystem model is necessary. This model must prioritize mentorship, market access, and direct efforts to dismantle social barriers. This research contributes a critical synthesis of Haryana's policy environment, offering recommendations for a more impactful and equitable support structure for rural women entrepreneurs.

Keywords: Rural Women, Women Entrepreneurship, Government schemes,Financial Inclusion, Skill Development,

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 158-164

Trade Routes as Loci of Modernity: Rethinking Eighteenth-Century India’s Economic Culture Transformations

Author/s : Dr. Ritika Joshi, Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization, Gautam Buddha University

Abstract : This paper re-examines eighteenth-century India’s economic culture through the prism of trade routes, arguing that they served as dynamic loci of modernity. Far from being stagnant pathways, caravan and maritime routes were spaces where new commercial practices, credit networks, and social identities emerged. By linking merchants, states, and distant markets, these routes facilitated the circulation of not only goods but also ideas, technologies, and norms of trust. Such interactions shaped an economic culture in transition, challenging older narratives of decline and situating India within wider global currents of early modern capitalism.

Keywords: Commercial routes, Eighteenth century, Overland routes, Social identities

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 165-169

From Access to Agency: Conceptualizing Digital Divide and Inclusion in the 21st Century

Author/s : Mahera Imam, Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Women’s Studies, Khajamalai Campus, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu,

Prof. N. Manimekalai, Director And Head (Retd), Department of Women’s Studies, Khajamalai Campus, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu,

Prof. S.Suba, Professor, Department of Women’s Studies, Khajamalai Campus, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli,Tamil Nadu

Abstract : The digital divide, characterized by unequal access to technology and the internet, remains a barrier to inclusive development. It extends beyond physical access to disparities in digital literacy, skills, and meaningful engagement with technology. Warschauer (2003) emphasizes that access alone is insufficient, highlighting the need for "social capital" skills and opportunities essential for leveraging technology. Van Dijk (2005) categorizes the divide into motivational, material, skills, and usage access, stressing that mere connectivity does not guarantee digital inclusion. Castells (2000) connects the digital divide to existing power structures, where those with access accumulate knowledge and wealth while marginalized groups remain excluded. The gender digital divide further exacerbates inequality, with Hafkin and Huyer (2007) pointing to socio-cultural norms, financial barriers, and lower digital literacy as key challenges restricting women's participation in the digital economy. Similarly, disparities between urban and rural populations deepen the divide. Gallardo (2020) highlights rural infrastructure gaps that limit internet penetration, while Norris (2001) describes "information poverty," which restricts civic engagement and economic opportunities in rural areas. Building on these perspectives, this paper explores socio-economic, regional, and gender-based digital disparities while assessing global and regional efforts toward digital inclusion. It critically examines policies, educational initiatives, and technological interventions aimed at closing the digital gap for marginalized communities. The findings emphasize the need for holistic strategies that address infrastructural, cultural, and educational barriers, advocating for inclusive digital policies that promote equity and sustainable development.

Keywords: Digital Divide, Gender Gap, Technological Inequality, Digital Empowerment, Sustainable Development

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 170-179

Post-Pandemic Shifts in Kerala Tourism: A Comparative Study of Domestic and Foreign Travel Dynamics Before and After COVID-19

Author/s : Ajesh Antony, Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, St Thomas College (Autonomous) Thrissur, Affiliated to University of Calicut

Prof. (Dr.) Paul Jose P, Tharananellur Arts and Science College, Thanissery, Irinjalakuda. Department of Commerce, Affiliated to University of Calicut

Abstract : Kerala’s tourism industry, a key driver of the state’s economy known for its scenic beauty and cultural richness, was deeply affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the contrasting patterns of domestic and international tourist arrivals across Kerala’s districts before and after the pandemic, based on official data from 2017 to 2023. Findings show that domestic tourism rebounded strongly, exceeding pre-pandemic levels by 2023 with significant growth in districts like Ernakulam, Thiruvananthapuram, and Idukki. In contrast, foreign tourist arrivals have shown only partial recovery and continue to fall short of pre-2020 figures. A marked shift in foreign visitor preferences towards secluded, nature-focused destinations such as Idukki reflects emerging trends in eco- and wellness tourism. District-level analysis reveals distinct recovery trajectories, with urban centers retaining their importance while nature-based destinations rise, whereas some northern districts face challenges in regaining tourist inflows. The tourism sector’s overall economic contribution nearly returned to its former high by 2023, although foreign exchange earnings indicate continued vulnerability. These insights highlight the need for targeted policy measures and sustainable development strategies that accommodate changing travel behaviors and regional disparities, supporting Kerala’s long-term tourism resilience and growth.

Keywords: Kerala Tourism, COVID-19 Impact, Domestic and Foreign Tourists, Eco-tourism and Wellness Tourism

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 180-188

The British Policy towards Loyal Princely States after 1857: A Case Study of Rampur

Author/s : Atree Tripathi, Research Scholar, Mahtma Jyotibha Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly

Dr Mansoor Ahmad Siddiqui, Assistant Professor, Mahtma Jyotibha Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly

Abstract : The Revolt of 1857 was a watershed moment in the history of British colonialism in India, marking both the climax of indigenous resistance and the beginning of a new era of governance. While large territories such as Awadh, Jhansi, and Bundelkhand rose in open rebellion, a number of princely states adopted an alternative course by aligning themselves with the colonial power. Loyalty in this context was not merely an act of submission but a conscious political choice shaped by the twin imperatives of dynastic survival and regional security. Rampur, a relatively small princely state in Rohilkhand, emerged as one of the most significant examples of this strategic loyalty. Surrounded by territories deeply embroiled in rebellion, the Nawab of Rampur supported British forces with men, supplies, and intelligence, ensuring that the state remained a reliable ally at a time of unprecedented crisis. This paper explores the policies devised by the British Crown towards loyal princely states in the aftermath of 1857, with Rampur serving as a case study. The analysis situates Rampur’s decision within the broader framework of colonial politics, emphasizing how its loyalty was rewarded through enhanced recognition, protection of territorial integrity, and dynastic guarantees under the Queen’s Proclamation of 1858. It also highlights the long-term implications of this loyalty, including Rampur’s elevated status among princely states, the consolidation of indirect rule, and the integration of loyal states into the larger project of imperial governance. Methodologically, this study relies on a close reading of both primary sources—such as official correspondence, government gazetteers, and contemporary reports—and secondary scholarship on the revolt and princely politics. By examining the interplay of loyalty, survival, and colonial policy, the paper contributes to a nuanced understanding of the revolt’s aftermath. It argues that Rampur’s trajectory illustrates the complex negotiations between Indian rulers and the colonial state, demonstrating how loyalty functioned as a calculated political strategy that reshaped both the fortunes of individual states and the architecture of British imperial rule in India.

Keywords: Revolt of 1857; Rampur State; British Policy; Loyal Princely States; Colonial Governance

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 189-193

Revamping Teacher Education Programmes vis-a vis Pedagogical Objectivity and Reconciliation of Isolated Curriculum: A Critical Need

Author/s :Suman Saha, Assistant Professor, Govt. Training College, Hooghly, WB & Research Scholar, National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, New Delhi

Abstract : According to Justice Verma's report "Vision of Teacher Education in India: Quality and Regulatory Perspective," teacher education is paramount and has a symbiotic relationship with school education. Teacher education cannot be discussed in isolation as it is closely tied to school education and its curriculum. Therefore, for pre-service teacher education to function properly, an in-depth understanding of the school curriculum vis-a-vis the teacher education curriculum is essential. However, there is a gap in the functioning of both systems in the contemporary scenario. One of the main objectives of this study is to comprehend the ongoing disparity in the education system that is impeding the progress of teacher training programs. The second objective of this study is related to the previous issue. Pre-service teacher training is a program that introduces a trainee to the teaching profession and prepares them for a career in teaching. To achieve this, the updated curriculum emphasizes the importance of teaching internships on a large scale. However, the reality is that accommodating internships within the school calendar is proving to be a challenging task. This highlights a significant gap between policy and practice. This paper seeks to understand a theoretical teacher education curriculum that does not align with classroom dynamics. Hence, this paper aims to explore strategies for bridging the gap between policy and practice in teacher education curriculum from the perspective of NEP 2020. The research was carried out using both primary and secondary data sources. The researcher had done desk reviews of secondary sources and conducted interviews with teacher educators and teachers to triangulate the secondary data sources.

Keywords: Teacher Education, School Education, curriculum, policy and practice, NEP 2020

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 194-200

Vision 2047: Strengthening Good Governance and Institutional Reforms for a Developed India

Author/s :Abhishek Sarta, Assistant Professor, Public Administration, University Institute of Legal Studies (UILS), Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla

Abstract : India's vision for 2047 is to establish the country as a developed economy with strong institutional frameworks and governance. By evaluating how well the current structures guarantee accountability, efficiency, and transparency, this article investigates the role of governance and institutional reforms in accomplishing this objective. It examines major governance issues that impede national advancement, including ineffective administration, corruption, protracted bureaucracy, and gaps in policy execution. The paper also assesses governance innovations and strategic institutional reforms that can improve public service delivery, encourage citizen participation, and reinforce democratic institutions. The study's findings will add to continuing policy discussions about institutional strengthening by making evidence-based recommendations for developing a responsive, transparent, and people-cantered governance system. By tackling these governance issues and implementing creative reforms, India may transform into a globally competitive and egalitarian society by 2047, assuring economic growth, equity in society, and effective government.

Keywords: Governance, Institutional Reforms, Transparency, Public Service Delivery, Vision 2047

Issue & Page No. : Vol. No. 1, Issue 23, July-September 2025, pp. 194-201-206

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